Components of an Industrial Robotic Arm-Qiqiu Industrial Robot Co., Ltd., Chao’an District, Chaozhou City – Stamping Robotic Arm

Components of an Industrial Robotic Arm

Release date:

2023-03-07

Industrial robotic arms primarily consist of four major components: the end effector, the drive mechanism, the control system, and the base...

Industrial robotic arms primarily consist of four major components: the end effector, the drive mechanism, the control system, and the base.

1. Executive Body
The actuator comprises the following components:
(1) The gripper is the component that directly grasps (clamps or releases) workpieces (or tools). Common types include claw-type, suction-cup-type, and universal-type grippers.
(2) The wrist is a component that connects the gripper to the arm, serving to support the gripper and extend the arm’s range of motion. It can perform both rotational and oscillatory movements. In some cases, a robotic hand without wrist motion may also be employed.
(3) Arm: It is a component that supports the wrist and end effector. Typically, it can perform motions such as extension/retraction, lifting, and rotational oscillation.
(4) Column: It is a device that supports the arm and other components. Typically, it is fixed in position; however, depending on operational requirements, it may also be capable of lateral movement and is often referred to as a movable column.
(5) The locomotion mechanism is the device that enables the manipulator to perform long-distance operations, consisting of rollers and guide rails or a multi-link mechanism.

2. Drive Mechanism
The drive mechanism is the power unit that actuates components such as the arm, wrist, and gripper, and typically comes in three forms: pneumatic, hydraulic, and electric.

3. Control System
The control system is the device that governs the manipulator’s motion according to a prescribed sequence. It must be capable of storing or recalling instruction information—such as the sequence of motions, target positions, and timing data—and promptly acquiring and processing this information to generate control commands for the manipulator’s actuators. When necessary, it can also issue fault alarms.

4. Base
The base is the fundamental component that supports the manipulator’s end-effector, drive mechanism, and other assemblies.